கீரி என்பது பாலூட்டி வகையைச் சேர்ந்த ஒரு ஊனுண்ணி.
இவை 1972 வன உயிரின பாதுகாப்பு சட்டத்தின்படி இந்திய அரசால் பாதுகாக்கப்படும் ஒரு வன உயிரினமாகும்.
The Indian grey mongoose is the state animal of Chandigarh
இவ்வுயிரினமானது 1972 வன உயிரின பாதுகாப்பு சட்டம் அட்டவணை II, Part 2,
Serial Number 16 - இல் வரிசைப்படுத்தப்பட்டுள்ளது. எனவே இவற்றை வேட்டையாடுவது, வேட்டையாட முயற்சிப்பது மற்றும் பிடியில் வைத்திருப்பது என அனைத்துமே மேற்காணும் சட்டம் பிரிவு 51 இன் படி தண்டனைக்குரியதாகும்.
கீரியில் 34 வகையான சிற்றினங்கள் உள்ளது. கீரிகளின் நீளம் 24 முதல் 58 செ.மீ வரை (வால் தவிர்த்து) இருக்கிறது. இவை 320 கிராம் முதல் 5 கிலோ எடை வரை கொண்டவை. கீரிகள் பெரும்பாலும் தனித்தே உணவு தேடி வாழ்கின்றன. ஒரு சில இனங்கள் குழுவாக வாழ்ந்து இரையைப் பகிர்ந்துண்டு வாழ்கின்றன.
உணவு
பூச்சிகள், பல்லிகள், பாம்புகள், பறவைகள், கொறிணிகள் ஆகியன இவற்றின் முதன்மையான உணவு ஆகும். இவை முட்டைகளையும் இறந்த விலங்குகளின் இறைச்சியையும் கூட உண்கின்றன. இந்திய சாம்பல் நிறக் கீரியும் வேறு சில கீரிகளும் நச்சுத்தன்மையுள்ள நாகப்பாம்பு உள்ளிட்ட பாம்புகளுடன் சண்டையிட்டுக் கொல்லும் திறன் பெற்றவை. கீரிகளின் தடித்த தோலும் வேகமாக இயங்கும் ஆற்றலும் பாம்புகளை எதிர்க்க உதவுகின்றன. மேலும் இவற்றில் உள்ள அசிட்டைல்கோலின் என்னும் வேதிப்பொருள் பாம்பின் நச்சினை எதிர்க்கும் திறனைக் கொடுக்கிறது.
Herpestes is a genus within the mongoose family Herpestidae. The Indian grey mongoose (Herpestes edwardsi) is a mongoose species native to the Indian subcontinent and West Asia.In North Indian languages (Hindi/Punjabi) it is called Nevlaa. The grey mongoose is commonly found in open forests, scrublands and cultivated fields, often close to human habitation. It lives in burrows, hedgerows and thickets, among groves of trees, and takes shelter under rocks or bushes and even in drains. It is very bold and inquisitive but wary, seldom venturing far from cover. It climbs very well. Usually found singly or in pairs. It preys on rodents, snakes, birds’ eggs and hatchlings, lizards and variety of invertebrates. Along the Chambal River it occasionally feeds on gharial eggs. It breeds throughout the year.
The scientific name Herpestes was proposed by Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger in 1811.
Characteristics
The Indian grey mongoose has tawny grey or iron grey fur, which is more grizzled and stiffer and coarser than that of other mongooses. The ruddiness of the coat varies in different subspecies, but it is described as appearing more grey than other mongooses. The grizzled appearance comes from the individual hairs being ringed by creamy-white and black. The legs are brown and darker than the body. The hair around the muzzle and eyes is also brown but with a stronger rusty red colouring. The tail is bushy, whilst the tip of the tail, if coloured, is pale yellow or white.
This species is known for its ability to combat venomous snakes. It primarily achieves this through tiring the snake out, by enticing it to make multiple strikes which it acrobatically avoids. Secondary protection against the venomous bite includes the stiff rigid hair, which is excited at such times, the thick loose skin and specialised acetylcholine receptors render it resistant or immune to snake venom. When dealing with scorpions, no measures are taken to disable the sting, and they are picked up in any manner.
The Indian grey mongoose typically opens eggs by holding them between the paws and biting a hole in the little end. Smaller mongooses typically open eggs by throwing them between their legs against a hard object, so it has been speculated, that the adult Indian grey mongoose should do likewise with large eggs.
captivity in India without permission is punishable under the wildlife protection act 1972
The scientific name Herpestes was proposed by Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger in 1811.
Characteristics
The Indian grey mongoose has tawny grey or iron grey fur, which is more grizzled and stiffer and coarser than that of other mongooses. The ruddiness of the coat varies in different subspecies, but it is described as appearing more grey than other mongooses. The grizzled appearance comes from the individual hairs being ringed by creamy-white and black. The legs are brown and darker than the body. The hair around the muzzle and eyes is also brown but with a stronger rusty red colouring. The tail is bushy, whilst the tip of the tail, if coloured, is pale yellow or white.
Ecology and behaviour
The Indian grey mongoose is omnivorous, though most of its diet is made up from live prey it catches from being an opportunistic hunter, with mice, rats, lizards, snakes, and beetles making up the bulk. Also eaten are ground birds, their eggs, grasshoppers, scorpions, centipedes, frogs, crabs, fish, and parts of plants: fruits, berries, and roots, as well as larger prey including hares and egrets. It kills prey by delivering a bite to the neck or head.This species is known for its ability to combat venomous snakes. It primarily achieves this through tiring the snake out, by enticing it to make multiple strikes which it acrobatically avoids. Secondary protection against the venomous bite includes the stiff rigid hair, which is excited at such times, the thick loose skin and specialised acetylcholine receptors render it resistant or immune to snake venom. When dealing with scorpions, no measures are taken to disable the sting, and they are picked up in any manner.
The Indian grey mongoose typically opens eggs by holding them between the paws and biting a hole in the little end. Smaller mongooses typically open eggs by throwing them between their legs against a hard object, so it has been speculated, that the adult Indian grey mongoose should do likewise with large eggs.
The Indian grey mongoose mates between March and October, it breeding
two to three times each year. The gestation period lasts for 60 to 65
days, the female gives birth to two to four offspring.
The species is protected in India, but an illegal trade in hair for the purposes of making of paint brushes and shaving brushes continues, and this is one of its most significant threats. About 3000 mongoose were killed to produce 155 kg. of raw mongoose hair, which were seized by Uttar Pradesh Forest Department and Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB) in 2018.
The lifespan of the Indian grey mongoose is seven years in the wild, or 12 years, when in captivitycaptivity in India without permission is punishable under the wildlife protection act 1972
தண்டனை விவரங்கள் கொடுத்தால் இன்னும் சிறப்பாக இருக்கும்
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